Pageg0
IFR Contents
Return to WhittSflying
A Collection of IFR Material
27 Major Topic Areas (Over 750 sub topics)
...IFR
Practical Test Standards;
...Checklists;
...IFR Training;
...No
Problem Flying;
...IFR Instruments
...IFR Systems;
...IFR
Systems Equipment;
...IFR Procedures;
...IFR Procedures;
...IFR Procedures;
...IFR
Procedures;
...All
about Minimums;
...IFR Scanning;
...IFR Flight
Lessons
...IFR Flight
Lessons;
...Illusions;
...IFR Radio;
...Holding;
...DME, ILS;
...All
Other Approaches;
...Instrument
Proficiency Review;
...PTS Oral;
...PTS IFR
Oral;
...Checkrides;
...IFR Student;
...
Pageg11
IFR
Practical Test Standards
An abbreviation of the Practical Test Standards. Some omissions
have occurred. Refer to FAA-S-8081-4A
10
Required Logbook Entries for Instrument Rating; Required
Flight Proficiency; New
IR PTS; IFR
Endorsements; Reasons
for PTS Checkride Failure; Obtaining
Weather Information; Cross-Country
Flight Planning; Aircraft
Systems Related to IFR Operation; Aircraft
Flight Instruments and Navigation Equipment; Instrument
Cockpit check; Air
traffic Control Clearances; Compliance
with Departure, Enroute, and Arrival Procedures and Clearances;
Holding
Procedures; Straight-and-Level
Flight; Change
of Airspeed; Constant
Airspeed Climbs and Descents; Rate
Climbs and Descents; Timed
Turns to Magnetic Compass Headings; Steep
Turns; Recovery
from Unusual Flight Attitudes; Intercepting
and Tracking VOR Radials and DME Arcs; Intercepting
and Tracking NDB; VOR
Instrument Approach Procedure; NDB
Instrument Approach Procedure; ILS
Instrument Approach Procedure; Missed
Approach Procedures; Circling
Approach Procedure; Landing
from a Straight-in or Circling Approach Procedure; The
Written; …
Pageg12
Checklists
Air Force Manual;
IFR Preflight;
Approach Checks;
Departure/Approach
Briefings; When
in Need, Pop-up; Pop-up
CCR; Avoiding
Overload; Jeppeson
Briefing Strip; Checklist
waiting for Assembly; IFR
Checklist; Teaching
IFR Flight Planning; IFR
Flight Planning; Preflight
Checklist; Instrument
Takeoffs; Altitude
Checklist; Aircraft
at Cruise; Pre-approach
Checklists; Pre-approach
Pre-departure;
Pre-approach Checklist;
IFR Lost Communications;
Seven T's;
Six T's; Five T's; MALHIC; Lapboard
Spaces; Cockpit
Resource Management; Developing
an IFR Checklist; Charted
Items; Required
Reporting Points; One
Pilot's IFR Checklist; IFR
Landing Checklist; Develop
Your Own IFR Checklist; Aircraft
Operational Quick Reference Chart; VOR
Test Record; IFR
Checklist; Making
a Visual Descent Point; Missed
Approach; Cockpit
Preparation; The
Operational Master List; PreStart
Clearance Taxi; IFR
Checklists; Checkpoint
and Final Approach Fix; Actual
Conditions Checklist; IFR
Flight Form; George's
Checklists; IFR
Approach List; Bachelder's
IFR Checklist; IFR
Problem Areas; Instruction
Preflight; …
Pageg2
IFR Training
WWII air
Force 10 IFR Commandments; How
to Prepare for the Instrument; IFR
Requirements; Instrument
Training Time; Cockpit
Check; Required
Knowledge Areas; Knowledge/
performance Requirements; Acceptable
Standards; Reasons
for Failure; Sayings
of Note; Resource
Management/Judgment Test; Simulation
During Practical Test; IFR
Checkride; The
Oral; Application
Form; Areas
of Difficulty; Distraction;
Weather Reports
and Forecasts; Why
Examiners Test Weather; Weather
Minimums; Navigation;
Aircraft Systems;
An Examiner's
Questions; Required
References; IFR
Student Requirements; Electronic
Bulletin Board; Know
thy Self; Vertigo;
Reaction;
Why IFR?:
Weather that
does not like IFR Flying; How
Sweet It Is When; IFR/VFR
Accidents Compared; Night
IFR in IMC; Night
IFR; Cautions
at Night; IFR
Accident Statistics; Runway
Incursions; Altitude
Deviation; Climbing/Descent
in VFR; Special
VFR (SVFR); IFR
Ground; Logging
approaches; Preparing
for an Instrument Approach Lesson; Setting
approach limits;
Pageg21
No
Problem Flying
A License
to Learn; Flying
Smart IFR; Saving
Money; Safety
pilot; Hood
'Actual'; Safety
Standards; Tape
Recorder; Logging
Time; Low
Approach; Cockpit
Organization; Basic
IFR Flight Skills; Transitions;
Flying
so Flying is not Part of the IFR Problem; Trim;
IFR
Climb and Descent; Standardized
Controlled IFR Flying; Control
Instruments; Performance
Instruments; Redirect
the Aircraft; Level
Cruise; Approach
Cruise; Level
to Climbing Turn; Steep
Turn; Cruise
Descent; Slow
Cruise Descent; Chop/Drop
descent; Approach;
Level
bank; Level
to Descent; Level
Turn; Descent
to level; Cruise
to Approach; Best
Angle Climb, Vx; Best
Rate Climb; Cruise
Climb; Climbs;
Leveling
Off; Level
Cruise to Low Cruise; Descent;
Level
from Descent; Cruise
Descent; Turns;
Approaches;
Short
Approach; Partial
Panel; Routes;
VOR
Skills; PAR
Simulation; No-Gyro
Simulation; Training
in Actual Conditions; Rule
of Thumb Climb; Rule
of Thumb Descent; Rule
of Thumb Cold Wx Altimeter; Distractions?
We Don't Need No Stinkin' Distractions; Low
Visibility Takeoff; Prepping
IFR Landings; Icing;
Hand-flying
in Marginal Conditions; ...
Pageg3
IFR Instruments
Turn
Coordinator vs Needle; Attitude
Indicator; Attitude
Indicator Errors; AI
Demonstration; Turn
Coordinator; Needle
and Ball; Heading
indicator; IFR
Flying; Straight
and Level; Rate
turns; IFR
Steep Turns; .Altitude
Control; Rate
Altitude Changes; Airspeed
Climbs; Airspeed
Descents; Level
Off; Compass;
Visibility;
Determining
Visibility; Part
91 Visibility Factors; Flight
Visibility; Ground
Visibility; Low
Visibility IFR; Single
Pilot IFR; IFR
Descent; IFR
to VFR Scud Running; Emergencies;
What to
Do; Why
and How to Detect Instrument Failure; Airspeed
Indicator; Vertical
Speed Indicator; AI
and HI Failure; Electric
System Failure; Vacuum
Failure; Pitot-Static
Failure; System
cross-check for Failure; Test
of Judgment; Checklists;
The 'Whys'
of IFR Approach Crashes; Avoiding
IFR Approach Accidents; IFR
Needles; Horizontal
Situation Indicator; IFR
Facts without Instruments; Physical
Causes of Disorientration;
Pageg3.5
IFR Systems
Genesis of the
Approach; ATC
at work; Who's
in Charge?; Using
the System; Flight
Check of IFR Navaids by FAA; Letters
of Agreement; Major
ATC Pilot Problems; ATC
Separation; Final
approach; Block
Altitudes; RADAR
ATC Sectors; Separation
Standards; Center
Facilities; Radar
Help; IFR
Separation from IFR; IFR
separation from VFR; VFR
separation from VFR; Visual
separation; Diverging
Course; Radar
surface movement; When
ATC Screws-up; Radar
failure; IFR
Without Radar; ARTCC
Weather Radar; Radar
Service Terminated; LORAN;
Global Positioning
System (GPS); Uncontrolled
Airspace; ATC
Weather; Runways;
Runway Departure
Safety Zones; Instrument
Departure's Three Zones of Obstacle Clearance; VASI;
Tri-color VASI;
PAPI; AWOS Weather;
Reading Charts;
Using ATC in
Emergencies; Letters
for Words; Transition
Level;
Pageg3.6
IFR Systems
Equipment
Charts;
IFR
Approach Charts; Nice
to Know Things; Chart
Legend; Highlight
the Approach Plates; IFR
Charts; Chart
NOTAMs; Altimeter
Setting; Minimum
Sector Altitudes; Minimum
Safe Altitude; Departure
Procedure Plate Calls; Jepp
Charts; Chart
Notes; Training
Standards; Inoperative
Tables; Transition
Routes (Feeders); Preferred
Routes; Tower
En Route Control; Alternates;
NOS
Charts; NOS
Layout;
NOS
Inoperative Tables;
Open
Triangle; Black
Triangle T; Black
triangle A; Other
Items; NOS
Enroute; The
ILS Has Five Components; Part
1 the Localizer; Part
2 the Glideslope; Part
3 Outer marker; Part
4 the Middle marker (amber); Marker
Beacons; Part
5 Approach lighting system (ALS); Approach
Lights; Smaller
Airports Will Have; Inflight
Visibility; RVR
System; RVR
is not a Measure of; Nine
Required Visual Features for Landing; Airport
Lighting; Compass
Locator; Markers:;
Radio
Marker; Fan
Marker; Bone
Marker; Z
Marker;
On
Top Terminology; IFR
Terminology vs. Meaning;
Pageg31
IFR Procedures
Safety
Pilots and Medicals; Partial
panel; Holding
Headings; Partial
Panel Turns; Disorientation
in turbulence; Unusual
Attitudes; Unusual
attitude recovery; Partial
panel recovery; Graveyard
Spiral Recovery; Finding
the Runway; On
Staying IFR; IFR
Crosswind Landings; IFR
accidents; IFR
Survival; IFR
illusions; IFR
Departure; IFR
Arrivals; No-Go
Decisions; When
one head has to work for two; IFR
Flight Plans; Flight
Plans to Nowhere; IFR
Instruction; Items;
Flying in
the System; Working
the IFR System; Handoff;
GPS Problems;
Side Notes;
FAA Way;
Not the
FAA Way; Vectors;
Real World
IFR; IFR
CCR to SCK; Scan
Priority; Terminology;
Pageg32
IFR Procedures
Part
91 IFR; VFR
to IFR; IFR
FARs; Violated
while IFR; Airway
Clearances; Departures;
IFR Charts;
Jeppeson
Charted Items; Conversion
Tables; Instrument
Departure Procedures (DP); Standard
Terminal Arrivals (STARS); Alternate
Airport; Alternate
Alternates; Learning
in Brief; Sample
Approach Briefing; Preparation;
You Need;
How to Protect
Yourself; One
Planning system; Flying
Approaches; Preflight
Planning Do's; Don'ts;
Clearances;
CRAFTS;
IFR Shorthand;
Types of
Clearances; As
Filed; Tower
Enroute; Pop-up;
Pop-up
Checklist; Pop-up
Pick-up; Void
Time Clearance,
Pageg33
IFR Procedures
(missed approaches)
VFR-on-top
(OTP); Procedures;
Getting
Vectors.to the FAF; ATC
Vector Strictures; Pilot
Vector Strictures; Timing;
Select
a heading; Cleared
for the Approach; Common
Approach Elements; Approach
Segments; Transition;
Beginning
of approach; Initial
Segment; Intermediate
Segment; Final
Segment; Missed
Approach Segment; The
Missed; Step-Down
Approach; Stabilized
Approach; Full
approach; Holding
Pattern Approach; Coupled
Approach; Missed
Approach; Uncontrolled
Airport Practice Missed Approaches; Missed
Approach altitude; Missed
Approach Surface; Primary
Area of the Missed Approach Surface; Early
missed Approach; The
Real World Missed; End
of Approached 'Unexpecteds'; Missed
Approach Planning; A
Better Missed Approach; Missed
do’s and don’ts; Rename
the Missed; No
Autopilot on Missed; Missed
Mantra; IFR
Dead Reckoning; Speed
changes; Remote
altimeter setting source (RASS); Required
Fuel; Meanings
of ‘Established’; Timing
Method; Choosing
between a Circle, Downwind or Diversion;
Pageg34
IFR Procedures
Reversing
Direction for Approach; Procedure
Turns; NoPT
(No Procedure Turn); IFR
Descents; Clearance
on unpublished route; Procedures;
Cautions:;
Descent
(Decision) Height; Airport
in Sight; IFR
to VFR Transitions; Initial
Approach Fix; Uncontrolled
Airport Arrival; VFR
On Top; Cruise
Clearance; Using
Enroute Options; IFR
in VFR; Uncontrolled
Airport Departure; Clearance
Void time; Hold
for Release; Controlled
Departure Time; Non-radar
IFR; Non-radar
Approach; Select
a heading; Visual
Descent Point; VDP
Lesson; Direct
Clearances; IFR
Enroute Navigation; TERPS
Obstacle Clearance Chart; Circling;
Visual Procedures;
Pageg35
All About
Minimums
Circling
to Land; Circle
to Land; Circling
Not Allowed; Missed
Approach; More
on Missed Approaches; Minimums;
Altitude
Call-outs; Altitude
Minimums; Maximum
Elevation minimums; Below
Minimums Part 91 Operations; Standard
minimums; Personal
IFR Minimums; Takeoff
minimums; Zero-Zero
Takeoff; Climb
Minimums; Non-standard
minimums; Sidestep
minimums; Obstacle
Clearance minimums; Minimum
vector altitudes; Minimum
enroute altitude (MEA); Minimum
IFR altitude; Minimum
safe altitude; Minimums
Off Airways; Minimum
Descent Altitude (MDA); Descent
Minimums; Circling
Minimums; Non-ILS
circling minimums; Straight-in
minimums; Estimated
time of arrival minimums; Alternate
airport Minimums; Minimum
Sector Altitudes; Minimum
Safe Altitudes; Rule
of Thumb; Normal
Landing after MDA;
Pageg4
IFR Scanning
Instrument
Scan; Scan
Lessons; Scan
Method; Ready
for IFR; Scan;
Power, Attitude,
Configuration = Performance; Flying
Problems; General
solutions; Turns
to Headings; Getting
a Scan; Knowing
Where to Look; Climb
to Level; Climb
and Descent-Scan; Climbing
Rate Turn; Scan
Instruction for Level; Scan
Instruction for Cockpit Operations; Scan
Instruction for airspeed Adjustment; Detecting
Instrument Failure; The
Silent Emergency; Scan
During System Failure; Failures
on Approach; Primary
and Supporting Instruments; Scan
Priority; IFR
Scan; Scan
ideas; Things
to Consider; The
Scan You Use Will Be Your Own; SCAN;
Straight and
Level; Straight
Rate Climbs and Descents; Straight
Airspeed Climb and Descent; Level
Turns; Turning
Climbs and Descents; Climb;
Turning Descent;
FR Mnemonics;
Approach Briefing;
An approach
checklist; Pre-approach
mnemonic; Rules
of thumb; ...
Pageg5
IFR
Flight Lessons
IFR Lessons;
Lesson
1.1; Lesson
1.2; Lesson
1.3; Lesson
1.4; Lesson
1.5; Lesson
.1.6; Lesson
1.7; Lesson
1.8 - Airspeeds; Lesson
2 - Vertical S; Steep
Turns; Lesson
3 - Timed Turns; Lesson
4 - Pattern A; How
we Got Pattern A and B; Olympic
Pattern; LESSON
5 - VOR/Reversals; Lesson
6 - Holding; Lesson
7 - Holding ; Lesson
8 - ADF; Lesson
9 - ATC Procedures; Lesson
11 - Unusual attitudes; Gotch
ya; Lesson
12 - DME Arcs; Emergency;
Safety Pilot
Experience; Review
Flight
Pageg51
IFR Flight
Lessons
Basics Come
before Approaches; Airspeed
Control Lesson; Tracking
from/to VORs with Intersections and COPs Lesson; IFR
Flight Planning CCR to APC; Student
Preparation; First,
all headings; Second
All Altitudes; Third,
All radios; Fourth,
Communications; Another
CCR to APC Lesson; IFR
CCR to OAK; IFR
Concord to Oakland and back to CCR; IFR
CCR to SAC; IFR
CCR to SCK; Return
to CCR; CCR
to MOD ILS-28; MOD
to LVK Clearance; Retread
Flight Lessons 1 through 6; Holding
Lesson(s);
Pageg6
Illusions
Illusions;
The proprioceptive
System; Night
Lights; Airport
Illusions; IFR
Precepts; You
and Illusions; Black
Hole Landing; Narrow
Runway; Wide
Runway; Downslope
Runway; Variable
Visibility Approach; Rain;
Creating Graveyard
Spiral; Creating
Autokinesis Illusion; Creating
Elevator Illusion; Creating
Coriolis Illusion; Creating
a False Horizon; Creating
Inversion Illusion; Creating
the Leans; Lighting
Illusions; ...Rain
Effect;
Pageg7
IFR Radio
IFR Communications
the Way It Ought to Be; IFR
Communications; Required
IFR Communications; Malfunction
Reports; IFR
Communications; Procedures;
Preset radios;
Preflight Plan
for Lost Communications; Negotiated
Clearances; Usage
Rules; Radar
Reporting; AIM
Advisory reports; Not
on Radar; Procedure
turn outbound; Required
Reports No Contact; Other
reports required: Required
FAR Reports; AIM
Reports are; Altitude
Reports; Reporting
the Marker; Lost
Communications; Fly
the route; Fly
the altitude; Fly
the Altitude Problems; Fly
the approach; Expect
Further Clearance; Transponder;
ATIS; Position Report;
Type; .IFR Radio
Pageg7.5
Holding
The Way Holding
Should Be; Sayings;
Holding; Course Reversal Entries;
The Fix; Information Provided
by ATC; Timing;
Timing Using the
E6-B Computer; Holding
Airspace; ATC
Directions; Sum-of-the-digits;
The Pilot Must
Know; Radar/Radio
Surveillance; Situational
Awareness; Wind;
Getting Reciprocals;
NDB Holding;
Entries; NDB Holding Simplified;
FAF Using NDB;
Radios; Changing the OBS;
Basic Components;
Holding Directions;
Diagraming the Hold;
More Pattern Analysis;
How to Study;
Direct Entries;
Non-direct Entries;
Simple Parallels;
Y-Intersections;
Changing Frequencies
and OBS; Using
the Heading Indicator to Hold; Simple
Holding; Thinking
Through the Hold; Off
Airways; Single
VOR Holding; DME
Holding; The
Clearance; Clearance
Types; Standards;
Course reversal
holding and procedure turns; Approach
Holds; Clearance
Simulation; Holding
Peculiarities; Bay
Area Intersections; Exercise
II; Intersections
and Airways; Using
the Clock; A
Holding Experience;
Pageg8
DME, ILS
In the Beginning;
ILS Charts in the
Making; IFR
Approach basics; Prevention
Plan for ILS Mistakes; Need
to Know Things; Use
all your Navaids; At
the Marker; ILS
Specifics; About
the ILS; Flying
the ILS; Downwind
ILS Approach; Personal
IFR limits; DME;
DME Arc;
Bracketing;
Centered method:;
10 Degree Method:;
DME Arc Another
Way; ILS Approach;
ILS Method;
ILS another
way; Single
Pilot ILS; Taking
Charge; Pre-approach
Setup Order of Importance; Eight
Stages of the ILS; Fly
the ILS with Rudder; ILS
Partial panel; Partial
Panel Is an Emergency; Instructional
Exercise; A
Better ILS; ILS
Dot Measure; ILS
accidents; ILS
Safe Space; Downwind
ILS; Category
1 ILS; ILS
Failure; Catching
ILS Malfunctions; Emergency;
ILS and TERPs;
PTS for ILS;
ILS Test:;
ILS-IFR-PTS;
Rule of Thumb
Compass Turns; ILS
Glideslope; The
ILS from 200 Feet;
Pageg81
All Other
Approaches
Non-precision
Approaches; Approach
Minimums for Non-Precision; Complex
Approach Minimums; Stepping
Up to the Step-Down Approach; Lesson;
The
Best of a Bad Approach; IFR
Go-Arounds; Go-Around
Essentials; Straight-in
Approach; Localizer
Approaches; Checking
Localizer; VOR
Approaches; VOR
Minimums; Off
Airport Facilities; On
Airport Navaids; Intercepting
a Radial; VOR
Checks; ADF
Features; Non
Directional Beacon Approach; NDB
Flying; Standard
Outbound Tracking;
Intercepting a Bearing; ADF
Orientation; Simple
NDB approach; Final
Approach Tracking; NDB
Cold approach; If
You're Fussy; GPS;
GPS
Approaches; GPS
Instruction; GPS
in an Emergency; GPS
as an Emergency Wing Leveler; GPS
as a Substitute; Emergency
ADF use; Visual
Procedures; Visual
approach; Contact
Approach; ATC
and Visual Approaches; Types
of Vectors; Pilot
Responsibility Using Vectors; ATC
Responsibility Giving Vectors; Approach
by Vectors; Charted
Flight Visual Procedures (CFVP); Pilot
Responsibilities; ATC
Responsibilities; PAR
(GCA)Approach (obsolete); Been
There; Done That; Airport
Surveillance Radar Approach (ASR); No-Gyro
Approach; Visual
Descent Points
Pageg82
Instrument
Proficiency Review
All
Available Information; IFR
Proficiency; IFR
Proficiency Factors; IFR
Proficiency; Instrument
Proficiency Review; Instrument
Proficiency Check; Plan
and Checklist; Knowledge
Portion of Proficiency Review; Skill
Portion of Proficiency Review; Performance
Areas of the Proficiency Review; Endorsement
for Proficiency Review; Staying
Current; Required
Performance; Required
Skills; What
is the 2/2/20 Club?; Emergencies;
Past
Student Errors; Competence
Trap; IFR
Currency; Review
Flight Using Partial Panel; Solo
IFR;
Pageg83
PTS Oral
Applicant
Requirements; IFR
Oral; Aspects
of the Oral; Clearances
and the PTS; Questions
and Answers; 130
Questions and a few answers; Decision
Height; Personal
minimums; Compass;
..Icing;
Induction
Icing; Cold
Front; Types
of Airport Lighting Systems; Other
Lights; More
Lights; ...
Pageg84
PTS IFR
Oral
Questions
and Answers
…Over Three hundred fifty IFR questions and answers;…
Pageg9
IFR Student
. . . Twenty-one
Instructional Experiences; ...
...A series of
Instructional Flights;
...First Flight;
...#2; ...#3; ...#4;
...#5; ...#6; ...#7;
...#8; ...#9; ...#10; ...#11; ...#12; ...#13; ...#14; ...#15; ...#16; ...#17; ...#18; Student's
Story of Night Flight;
Pageg91
Checkrides
…Checkride
Musts; Instrument
PTS; IFR PTS
Navigation; VOR
Skills; Terms;
Checkride Failures;
Checkride;
Summary; What else did I learn?;
Oral exam;
Icing; Reports; Radio
failure; Subjects
not covered; Flight
Test; Checkride;
.
Pageh1 CFI Wantabe..
The CFI Checkride;
…Questions and Answers; …
Return to WhittSflying
Continued on IFR
PTS Stamdards